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中南林學(xué)院學(xué)報 |
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賀慶棠 摘 要：論述了林學(xué)、森林與林業(yè)近兩個多世紀(jì)以來的發(fā)展和變化.林學(xué)經(jīng)歷了由傳統(tǒng)林學(xué)向現(xiàn)代林學(xué)的轉(zhuǎn)變.現(xiàn)代林學(xué)是以森林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的營建、經(jīng)營管理和利用為研究對象，以發(fā)揮森林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的生態(tài)環(huán)境功能為核心，全面發(fā)揮森林的多種效益和多種功能為目的的學(xué)科.對森林的認(rèn)識也經(jīng)歷了由單株樹木到樹木群體到森林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的變化.由于對林學(xué)及森林認(rèn)識的深刻變化，人們對林業(yè)的認(rèn)識也就從長期形成的以木材利用為中心，轉(zhuǎn)變到以發(fā)揮森林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的生態(tài)環(huán)境作用為核心和重點，全面發(fā)揮森林的生態(tài)、經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會功能作為林業(yè)的指導(dǎo)思想和目標(biāo)，以實現(xiàn)林業(yè)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展. Modern Forestry Science，Forest and Forestry HE Qing-tang（Bejing Forestry
University，Beijing 100083,China） Abstract：This paper expounds the development and variation of the forestry
science，forest and forestry neally in past two cen turies．The forestry science
in itself goes through a transformation from traditional forestry science to
modern forestry s cience.The modern forestry science, with the object of
studying the establishment，manageme nt and exploitation of the forestry
ecosystem and the core of developing the eco logical environinent functi on of
the forestry ecosystem，is a subject that takes an overall play to the mul tiple
benefits and function of forest.The cognition of forest also undergoes a
variation from a single tree to trees g roup and still to forest ecosystem．Due
to the deep alteration of the understand ing of forestry science and
forest，people begin changing their understanding of forestry from a central for
m of timber utilizing which formed for a long time to a form that takes developi
ng the ecological environment function of forestry ecosystem as its core and fo
cal point，and takes an overall play to the ecological，economical and social
function of forestry as its leadi ng thought and aim，so as to realize the
sustainable development of forestry. |
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